2012年，整個中國羅非魚行業陷入了寒冬季節，出口量雖漲但單價跌，加工廠處虧損狀態，魚價低迷難反彈，打擊農戶養殖信心，種苗、飼料商生產量及銷售量大幅下降，海南吉諾瑪公司同樣不出意外受到了沖擊。此時適逢海南吉諾瑪中國公司總裁王善康先生到了退休年齡，不再做公司總裁，新總裁由約翰先生來擔任。對于這位來自北歐的新掌門人，他對于中國羅非魚產業出路以及對公司發展有哪些看法？近期，中國水產門戶網就相關問題采訪了約翰先生。 （The year 2012 had seen the coldest downturn in China’s tilapia industry. Despite the expansion on export, the unit price is declining during the period results in financial loss for many processing plants. Furthermore, little signs had indicated a price rebound, as a result, culturists’ confidence was harmed, and total production of both feed and seed had decreased in large scale. GenoMar in Hainan was definitely impacted by the ongoing status. At the moment, John took the place of the former CEO of GenoMarchina, Mr. Wang Shankang, who just released to his retirement. Based on the recent situations that China’s tilapia industries are facing, what are the viewpoints on developing directions and future prospects from this new leader from north Europe? A recent interview was conducted by BBWFISH.）

Johannes Hermannsson 

    中國水產門戶網：約翰先生，請談談您的水產從業經歷。（BBWFISH: How do you got involved in Fishery?  ）
    John：我出生在冰島的一個小漁村，父親是漁村學校的校長，同時也擁有漁船，從這時起就開始接觸了漁業行業，我的專業是漁業工程，學習過漁業科學、貿易等，所受的教育和經歷基本上離不開漁業和水產行業。（ Johannes: I was born in a fishing village in Iceland, my father was a school headmaster and owned a fishing boat. Fishing with my father was my first experience of seafood and that shaped my career, working in seafood business and seafood related. Most of my education degrees are linked to seafood, in fishing, processing and trading. ）
   

    中國水產門戶網：您是在什么時候和什么情況下出任海南吉諾瑪中國公司總裁？ （BBWFISH: When and why did you accept the position at GenoMar Hainan? ）
    John：大概在今年7月份，我開始和吉諾瑪公司有一些合作，由此介入吉諾瑪公司，并且在近期內就任海南吉諾瑪中國公司總裁。由于之前我正在吉諾瑪公司內部的另一個崗位工作，正好原來吉諾瑪海南公司總裁在幾個月前退休了，所以由我來接手他的工作。 （Johannes: I have recently accepted the position of CEO of Genomar China, when the former CEO reached age of retirement. I have known the company for longer time and earlier this year I was working for it as a consultant.  ）
   

    中國水產門戶網：一直以來吉諾瑪都非常重視在羅非魚基因（性狀）選育上的投入，由于今年魚價低迷、養殖投苗量下降、魚苗銷售受阻。這些不利因素是否會影響你們的選育工作？ （BBWFISH: This is the very winter season for China’s tilapia industry, average stocking rate goes down, what are the impacts for you?  ）
     John：的確是有影響。但目前影響還不是很大，我也將密切地關注這個行業的變化，如果行業越做越小，那么對公司肯定不利。客戶購買吉諾瑪魚苗，養出成品魚都是由加工廠收購，主要加工廠有訂單，那么證明市場就有需求，我們也不要過于擔心。 （Johannes: Of course this impacts us, our income is lower and costs are increasing. Although the impact is not big this we have to be careful. We will follow the industry and our fingerlings are welcomed by farmers, especially those who are working with processing companies. It is our goal to continue to be a ‘solution provider’ to China´s tilapia industry through the supply of high quality fast growing, robust, favorable FCR and superior fillet yield fingerlings.  ）  
   

    中國水產門戶網：前一段國內外媒體報道中國羅非魚是在非常不潔的環境中長大，作為一個外國人，您能發表一下對中國水產養殖模式的看法和對羅非魚產品的印象嗎？ （BBWFISH: There were some negative news reports saying that China’s tilapia were fed on manure, what are your impressions and point of view?  ）

    John：我第一次來中國的時候，在一個規模比較小的養殖場，看到養殖戶用糞便來肥水養殖羅非魚，的確感到很吃驚，這是在別的地方從來沒見過的事情。但我認為從消費者的角度看，聽到或看到這樣的事情，一開始可能會有些震驚，然而并不真正很在意。更大的影響可能來自媒體的渲染和放大報道。所以我們的行業盡可能做到規范和防范，不要給媒體留下不良的印象或者把柄，因為媒體往往會在一些小事情上找碴并把它放大。這是我們整個產業都要思考的問題，包括羅非魚在公共形象上的宣傳等。
     對于中國羅非魚產業而言，我認為行業中有領導力的大企業要逐步轉變觀念，使養殖從一個粗放型的增長發展轉向高效、精細管理的增長發展模式。因為我是學習工程專業，從工程師角度來看，我看重的是產品生產流程有嚴格、全程的控制。養魚也是這個道理，如果養殖場是處于開放的狀態，那么出太陽、下雨或者發生別的變化，都會引起養殖環境發生很大的變化，而養殖戶沒有任何控制的措施，這是非常不安全的。對于魚類來說，它的生長環境必須是可控的，可控的環境才能保證產品的質量。行業和企業家們要有轉變的意識，粗放管理的模式不是可持續的。 （Johannes: I visited a small tilapia farm shortly after I came first to China. I was surprised, I had never seen this before and I did not understand the benefit for the farmer. You may find media willing to publish negative news that shock people and this is easy to use, to create negative image of the industry and shock people. The image of the industry has to be good so the industry can enjoy better price for the products.
    During the last few years the tilapia industry has developed a lot, especially the processing. Efficiency has increased, throughput has increased and unit cost is getting lower. My opinion and engineering thinking is that farming will sooner or later have to undergo similar changes. Then the manure fertilized ponds will also become not so common anymore. ）

      中國水產門戶網：您認為目前中國羅非魚產業低迷的因素有哪些？中國羅非魚產業出路在哪？比如通過產品認證標準（如ASC）會不會有幫助？ （BBWFISH: What will be the way to get out from this bad situation, and whatyou’re your opinions on certification?  ）
      John：我認為認證是絕對有幫助的，但不要把它當成能馬上解決問題的捷徑，認證是長期的持之以恒的過程。比如剛才強調的必須要對生產過程做到可控是有關聯的，認證實際上能更好地幫助控制生產過程、監控生產環節。中國企業如果希望認證能夠帶來回報、利益，那么就得老老實實、從頭到尾按照認證的要求來做，而這個過程也不可能在一夜之間完成，那是需要漫長的過程來實現才達到目標，大家必須有充分心理準備來做這件事，這是我要提醒大家的。 （Johannes: I think the way out of difficult situation in tilapia industry will have to include several things. To mention a few I can talk about the development of domestic market in China, develop and improve the image of the industry as providing good quality tilapia as healthy safe food, improved productivity and efficiency in farming will be needed, development of value added products, etc.
My opinion about certification is that it is definitely helpful, it is not a quick fix to current situation, and certification is not a paper. It is usually the last step in climbing a long ladder and it goes hand in hand with internal improvements of a company. That is where the value for the company comes from. Sometimes certification is also required to have access to market. Through this process, Genomar China hope we could play a catalytic role to help improve China´s tilapia industry reputation as a responsible leading player in the global market. ）

    中國水產門戶網：做為羅非魚苗種行業一員，吉諾瑪自身需要做出哪些努力來適應行業發展？ （BBWFISH: As one of the seed production member, what are your obligations in developing? ）
    John：這是問題問得有點大了。吉諾瑪在中國已經有10年了，一直為羅非魚行業提供優質的種苗，今后也會繼續這樣做。但羅非魚行業比較復雜，對于羅非魚不同環節，大家的要求也各不相同，如加工廠要求出肉率高，而養殖戶注重成活率，所以對于提供種苗的企業而言，就得盡量滿足各方面的需求。我打個比方說玩骰子，骰子有不同的面，別人可能只在乎對自己重要的一面，但我們需要把各個面都要看清楚，就是提供最優質和全面的產品來為各個終端的利益鏈服務，我們會盡可能地實現這個目標。（Johannes: It is a big question. Genomar has been a stable supplier of good quality tilapia fingerlings. We recognize that “quality” may have different meaning for a processing company that concerned about fillet yield, compared to the farmer who is interested in survival rate and fast growth. We will consider and combine all those and other important aspects of quality in our development. We will continue to provide consistent quality product and services  to the industry. ）

     中國水產門戶網：中國有句俗話叫“新官上任三把火”，對于吉諾瑪未來的發展，您有哪些新的改革舉措？ （BWWFISH: An old Chinese saying, new leaders always have ambition in the beginning, so what is your plans and measures? ）
    John：這個問題留到下一次你采訪我的時候來回答更好，因為我剛剛接手工作，還需要時間來了解公司和我的團隊，然后才能回答你的問題。但首要的任務就是要保證公司的生意穩定，還有為中國提供更好的種苗。吉諾瑪的創始人非常堅信羅非魚能很好地為老百姓提供優質和平價的蛋白資源，這是整個公司的宗旨。我的工作就是要遵循這個宗旨來做。但具體操作方案還需要時間來考慮。 （Johannes: We believe that tilapia is a good nutritious foodfish protein source at affordable price There are historical indications that it has been a vital food in many parts of the world for over two thousand years  Our shareholders´vision and mission is to promote tilapia as Humanity´s sustainable foodfish of choice to help feed our hungry world in this century and beyond.）

     衷心感謝可持續漁業伙伴組織（SPF）韓寒和中國水產論壇網友“痞子天王”（原名：胡路怡）為現場采訪及文章提供精準的翻譯！

  中國水產門戶網獨家報道，如需轉載請標明出處！